How to secure ip camera

How to secure ip camera. Arecont: AV IP Utility / AV200. This article explains how to properly select a spot for and install a security camera. Configure the event to trigger the recording. Although we tested both functions, for the purposes of this tutorial we’re configuring the camera for photo capture. Step 2. Learn some basic steps on security camera remote viewing and understand reolink remote access for upgraded surveillance solutions. Now up in the upper-left hand corner and click on the drop-down box and select add camera. 99 Regular Price $299. Test your configuration. Step 3: Select the settings tab. While still in the General menu, select Photo Settings to configure photo and notification settings. (For direct connection) Feed wiring through and place bracket and seal where appropriate. RELIABLE. Mar 6, 2024 · It is recommended to use a modern, up-to-date browser for compatibility and security. Assuming you've connected your DVR/NVR to your network correctly, this is a pretty simple issue to fix. Step 3 – Set up Dynamic DNS on your QNAP NAS. com/r3dg0d/Cam-Hackers Kali linux: https://kali. (Image credit: Nest) 1. Step 1: Select Google Photos. Lucky for you, there are certain tips and guidelines on how to secure your IP camera in this article. Once you are back to the IP camera’s interface, it is time to enable HTTPS. virtualbox. Jan 12, 2011 · reader comments 77. Jan 19, 2017 · Here you will find information and background knowledge on setting up a network attached IP camera system for the first time. In here you have four settings to set up. You need one cable between the camera and one of the PoE labeled ports on the switch. The term “device-to-device authentication” is a bit of a misnomer here, since the IP camera will, more typically, be connecting to gateways, data concentrators, clouds and servers, instead of other IP cameras. 99 As low as $209. Want to know how to connect camera to computer? Follow the 4 ways to hook up your WiFi or PoE surveillance camera to pc with or without internet. Tip 1: Make Your Home Wireless Network Secure Mar 20, 2024 · Viewing your IP camera's feed. , 192. Nov 11, 2022 · Best IP camera in 2024. As pictured above, IP cameras and PoE cameras have a pigtail with at least one RJ45 connector for PoE connectivity and one 12V DC connector. Some IP systems even take it a step further with the use of smart security cameras that use smart motion detection to reduce false motion alerts Dec 13, 2021 · Make sure your security camera is supported by the 3rd party cloud IP camera software. Go to SETTING > BASIC > Network > Information to find the HTTP port number used by the camera. IP cameras are similar to the webcams used in computers in that the internet is used to send and store recorded images. Each of the methods have their own pros and cons and no system is immune to being hacked if it is connected to the internet. Apr 15, 2024 · The best home security camera 2024: top smart home cameras to protect your home. Infrared. Jul 31, 2022 · A properly designed IP camera network can provide many benefits, including increased security and convenience. Night Vision up to 100 ft. Common areas: You may also want to secure areas that you use on a daily basis, like a living room or kitchen. 1 . Step 2: Go to that IP address in your Step 2. If you’re planning on allowing the camera to broadcast to the wider Internet so you can check in remotely (probably not the greatest plan) researchers suggest limiting the remote IP addresses that can connect to your router, and throttling the connection rate. But fortunately, here are some easy things you can do to protect your WiFi home security system, including webcams and security cameras from hackers. An NVR recorder is responsible for receiving, displaying, and storing surveillance video from IP cameras in a modern security camera system, and serves as a central hub for remote monitoring via smartphone apps or PC. c) Give the camera about 2-3 minutes to boot. Video Data Encryption: How secure an IP camera is depends on its level of data encryption and network security. Best IP Security Camera Systems 2023. NVR stands for Network Video Recorder. In case you have an external webcam, connect it to your PC via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or USB cable. 10:8020). Note it down and visit the IP in your web browser. Moreover, these cameras are often used with NVRs or network video recorders. However, not all IP cameras are created equal, and choosing the right one is essential to ensure the security of your premises. 4K Police Light Active Deterrence Camera, Two Way Audio. Assign a permanent IP to your ESP32-CAM via your router's DHCP settings. The first step is accessing your camera settings. 4/5 GHz) can ensure stable video streaming locally & remotely, and it helps cut down bandwidth pressure on home broadband as 5 GHz is less crowded than 2. Components of an IP security camera system. Enable DDNS and choose DDNS server type. 264 compression and RTSP protocol. There are a couple options: Via web browser – Most IP cameras can be configured directly by browsing to the camera’s IP address. Best indoor budget 3. Of course you will need IP security cameras as they are the eyes of a camera system. In addition to providing security teams with high-quality video, they compress footage for storage and analysis and offer flexible, remote access. Setting up a VPN server on your NAS in 4 steps. Since DVRs only have BNC ports built-in, a PoE switch is required to connect any PoE cameras over May 8, 2022 · Find yourself confused about which is the best type of security camera to buy? don't understand what IP camera means? In this video we provide a brief introduction of how ip cameras work, what Mar 6, 2024 · Learn how you can enhance your home security and surveillance without relying on an internet connection. Super Wide Angle 180 Degree PoE Dome Camera, Mic, Night Vision. Apr 10, 2024 · An IP camera, also known as a network camera, is a digital video camera that can send and receive data over a computer network or the internet. Install the wireless security camera mounting bracket. There are three ways to connect a PoE based IP camera to a network: 1) Connect using a PoE switch - this is by far the easiest method. Nov 3, 2023 · An IP security camera system differs from a CCTV camera in that it transmits security footage to a network video recorder over a wireless connection, an Ethernet cable, or USB. Easy to connect your security IP camera to PC or Mac! Follow the 5 ways to hook up your WiFi or PoE surveillance camera to computer with or without network. Oct 27, 2022 · First, click on the three lines with dots on them in the upper left-hand corner. Check the resolution output of the cloud IP camera app and whether they will support both image and video recordings to make the best use of the CCTV cloud storage. Feb 13, 2023 · Secure operation means using mutual authentication to prevent electronic counterfeiting and verify proof-of-origin. In order to figure out what your local network scheme is, login to a Windows computer that is connected to your router and follow our video below. Click Add > IP Camera with Wizard Setup for automatic setup. (Eg. If your camera is already working, click Next once again. They typically consist of a lens, an image sensor, a processor, and network connectivity. Scroll down to the “Utilities” section. Install the surveillance device onto the bracket. Step 2 – Port Forwarding from your NAS to your router. - This Amcrest 2. Apr 26, 2023 · Step 1: Choose the right IP camera. The lens captures the images, while the image sensor converts the light into an electrical signal. Determine location: Consider entry points (each point = 1 project), take advantage of objects and architecture. Choose the action (Send image or video to through FTP) Adjust the parameters according to your needs. IP Feb 19, 2022 · Open your browser on a computer connected to the internet that you want to watch the stream from the IP camera, and enter the public IP address (i. An IP Security or network camera is a digital camera that actively sends and receives footage over an IP (internet protocol) network. A VPN provides secure access control and encrypts all the network traffic it carries, making it ideal for accessing unsecure services like video surveillance Integration with other security components: IP cameras can be used with additional security components to provide a comprehensive surveillance setup. Here are a few factors to consider when selecting IP security cameras: Resolution: Sep 29, 2023 · The Integration of Access Control and IP Camera Systems allows Security personnel to correlate access events with video footage. If you don’t know its IP address, click here. Enable your cameras' built-in firewall, which monitors Oct 31, 2023 · Here’s how to configure an IP camera on your network, and what to do to make sure that your camera functions smoothly and your connection remains secure. $40 at Amazon See at B&H Photo Video. IP cameras, by comparison, transmit their footage via the Internet or a specific network and use a digital signal. Jun 6, 2022 · Open a web browser window and visit 192. ACTi: IP Utility 4. Select the “Setup” tab at the top of the screen. The list in brief1. 5km. SIMPLE. This dual-band WiFi P2P IP camera (2. Get your WiFi security camera charged. Remove the mounting bracket by sliding it off the base. For example, forwarding port 443 when encrypted web services are needed. For IP Security Camera Systems. The first step to setting up the hardware for remote viewing is choosing the right IP camera for your needs. HDMI capture cards range in price anywhere between $20 and $200 plus. Here are six reasons to consider building an IP camera network: 1. There’s a website called Insecam where you can peruse live footage from tens of thousands of IP security cameras around the world. This is most likely a hallway on the first floor or a main stairway to the upstairs. While many cloud storage services require a paid subscription, Google Drive offers a free option. Be the first to add your personal experience. These tools help you to find the default IP address or current IP address of your IP camera, NVR or DVR. Enter the Camera’s IP Address or Hostname: In the address bar of your web browser, enter the internal IP address of your camera or the hostname associated with your Dynamic DNS setup (if applicable). Slightly unscrew the screw-down for the ground connector (GND). 4Ghz Only). 168. Aug 31, 2020 · Type “ipconfig” and press enter into the software. Otherwise choose the second option to help you get your IP camera working. Use the power adapter to get the camera plugged-in and charged. Reolink IP Camera System. IP cameras are connected to the internet, which means they can potentially be accessed remotely by anyone who has the login credentials or who is able to exploit a security vulnerability in the camera. When someone uses their access credentials, the system can automatically trigger nearby cameras to capture video footage of the individual’s entry or exit. Default login credentials are commonly admin/admin or similar. Click on install and allow 30 seconds to install the certificate. Step 2: Connect the camera to your network. Currently we recommend a minimum of 2 MegaPixels. Wireless webcams and IP cameras aren’t as secure as you might think. Check the IP camera MAC address via the camera software. SECURE. Video Storage Cloud storage with subscription or local storage with Arlo Compared to purely wireless cameras, PoE IP cameras tend to have more stable data transmission and less likely to encounter interference from nearby devices. Once you do that, an “operate succeed” message will appear. Jan 29, 2024 · Turn it off in your NVR and in your IP cameras. Step 1: Find your camera's IP address. Connect the wireless camera to the network before placing it on the bracket. Save the settings. One of the simplest ways to find your security camera’s IP address is through your camera’s companion software. ”. After installing your security camera system, one of the first walls you might find yourself running into is getting your camera feed pulled up on your internet browser. The major difference lies in how they send and receive data. Key factors to consider include: Image quality: Higher megapixel resolutions and larger image sensors generally provide better image quality, especially in low light. e. 99 Regular Price $349. May 24, 2024 · Smart Home Support Amazon Alexa, Google Home/Assistant, Samsung SmartThings, IFTTT support. With a single tester that can power, configure and document, SecuriTEST IP increases productivity from start to finish. Monitor and manage your network. This is so that it will be accessible through your devices via the internet. Bedrooms, living rooms, porches, kids’ rooms — all on view Apr 15, 2019 · Network security cameras are ubiquitous and sought after for any security camera system. An IP camera network can help you monitor your property more effectively and protect yourself against theft or vandalism. Field of view: Cameras with wider fields of view can monitor larger Mar 9, 2021 · Haicam, an Australian security smart brand, offers some of the most impressive security features on this list. Dec 18, 2022 · Both IP cameras and CCTV cameras can be secure, but they have different security risks that should be considered. The first and most basic step to secure your PTZ IP camera with audio is to change the default password that comes with the device. Open a web browser and type the IP address. Our IP camera systems are available with a comprehensive selection of advanced IP cameras, including 4k security cameras, security cameras with audio, motorized zoom cameras, and pan tilt zoom cameras. Step 2b. You can use either STP or UTP cables for the connection. Feb 9, 2023 · Choose a router with Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) or Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2) security, which encrypts your data. 4 GHz which is widely used by other home appliances. The program will scan the local network and list all UPnP and ONVIF IP Camera Specific: Camera Firmware, make sure its up to date and checked regularly. Mid-range: You can find pairs of outdoor security cameras for around $65, though these usually require a cable for power. Add to Cart. All it takes is a few steps to convert the webcam into a security camera. Cameras that stream live video — like doorbell smart cameras, baby monitors, and security cameras — are a popular way to keep an eye on your property, family, and pets. Ethernet network cables can accomplish both of these tasks. Operating Temp: 14°F ~ 113°F. 87. Enable HTTPS in the camera. Aug 1, 2018 · Minimize the number of ports that are accessible via the Internet. If you're setting up an IP security camera system, you're going to need to power your security cameras and connect them to the network. With analogues cameras, you would judge resolution by the ‘number of TV lines’ (TVL) or ‘lines of resolution’. and wide-angle viewing provides extreme coverage for your home or business. Increased Security. Install: Configure camera first > mount camera base > attach camera to base > adjust > attach and run cables. The network scheme will be printed out inside of the console. Jul 20, 2020 · How do you keep a security camera system secure on the internet? There are a few different ways that you can connect to your security camera system remotely. This helps maintain a record of who accessed a particular To add a new IP camera to the program, click the "Add Camera" on the toolbar: In new window choose the option "Network (IP) camera": Click Next. Aug 5, 2023 · When it comes to securing your property, IP security cameras play a crucial role in keeping a watchful eye on your surroundings. A camera and an ecosystem. Sometimes, IP cameras are used with a digital video recorder or DVR. $229. Linking the camera with voice assistants and other compatible devices in your home. Mar 3, 2013 · Navigate to General –> Motion Capture Mode –> and select either Photo or Video. Reattach the base to the back of the camera, ensuring the UP arrow is correctly oriented. It has a sleek design, is easy to set up, weatherproof, supports 2K video recording, and has a Starlight Sensor for clear color night vision. Slightly unscrew the screw-down for the Audio-In connector on the block. Utilizing Your Camera’s Companion Software. Device: This allows you to select where the camera is located (network/local) and type. Step 4: Go to backup and synchronization. Feb 22, 2024 · Best Security Camera with Built-In Storage. 5. These weather-resistant indoor/outdoor camera (s) use Color Night Vision to continue recording in full-color in low-light settings, only switching to Night Vision if necessary. With digital IP cameras, resolution is specified by the number of pixels. Whereas traditional analog security cameras simply capture an analog video signal and send it to a recording device, IP cameras turn images into digital data and use Internet protocols to communicate that data. These units are often referred to as WiFi security cameras or wireless IP cameras. Select "Modify" on the admin account then check the "Modify Password" box. Apr 23, 2024 · How To Secure Your Home Security Cameras. 4Ghz wireless security camera features a secure SSL/HTTPS connection, wireless AES/WPA2 encryption, FCC and CE camera certificate, UL rated power supply, and receives regular security firmware updates (Supports 2. This will be different for every manufacturer but should be relatively easy to find. Jun 15, 2022 · What to Know. Step 1 – Set up the QNAP NAS as a VPN server. Why you can trust Digital Camera World Our expert reviewers spend hours testing and comparing products and services so you can choose the best for you. Use the network cable to connect to the camera and the router. 1 Choose a strong password. Best 2K indoor 5. There are so many ways you can do as an owner to add a layer of protection to ensure that no one can access something that they shouldn’t. If you have an existing camera system and have recently upgraded the DVR recorder by purchasing one from CCTV Camera World then you're in luck. If you walk into a coffee shop, the owner gets you at the register. Best indoor overall 2. As mentioned, an IP security camera is a type of digital security camera that provides digital video surveillance. Oct 12, 2023 · An IP camera, also known as a network camera, is a digital security camera that connects to a computer network to transmit data. Mar 10, 2022 · Please note that you need to have, at least, a power adapter for the camera, a network cable, and a router. The default is 80. Consider factors such as resolution, field angle, and night vision capabilities when making your selection. Visit a larger store, and chances are they have your face as soon Sep 25, 2022 · 5 Tips to Prevent Security Camera Hacking. Now select "System" > “Account” from the left side menu. 2. your static IP address) followed by the http port of your IP camera (e. Alphafinity: IPC Search Tool. To understand the results of a tracert command, you would look at the first 3 lines of the results. 8. Or you can breathe onto the CCTV camera lens instead of using a lens cleaner. May 6, 2023 · Script (credits to angelsec): https://github. Arlo Pro 3 Wireless Home Security Cameras. An IP Camera connects to a computer network the same way a printer or wireless device might. #3. See all Indoor Security Cameras. There are many IP camera address finders and scanners online. IP cameras capture video and send it to the NVR as digital data through the PoE switch. Use our IP Finder Config Tool to find the camera on your local area network (LAN). We use this Hauppauge version, but there are lots of options out there. SECURITEST™ IP CCTV TESTER. Step 4. Sep 10, 2020 · The practical solution is to add a pair of copper conductors or use siamese fiber cable which has integrated copper cable to transmit the power in parallel. Best practice configurations usually place the IP cameras on a network subnet; that allows you to disable access from the internet and keep bandwidth intensive IP cameras streams from interfering with other traffic. In this video, we break it down for you step-by-step so you know exactly how to get start Settings for Cloud IP Camera. Open the menu: System >> Events >> Rules. To modify the cloud IP camera’s URL, change the connection by entering the new URL in the video source dialog. Some house-keeping. Step 3. $239. Segment your network. Enter your login information. Wired security cameras (in other words, conventional CCTV that interfaces with a DVR) are significantly less popular than the budget IP cameras taking the home security market by storm. Configure your firewall and router. 3MP is the standard but 4MP cameras are quickly becoming mainstream. Features: Plug-and-play, simple setup. Sep 13, 2017 · b) Connect a network (Ethernet) cable from the camera to the router to establish a data connection between the camera and the router. Step 4 – Set up the OpenVPN client on your device. Settings are integrated into the surveillance software. Outdoor 180 Degree Panoramic 4K PoE IP Camera, Full Color, 2-Way Audio. A VPN provides secure access control and encrypts all the network traffic it carries, making it ideal for accessing unsecure services like video surveillance Wireless IP security camera prices. Click the " Save " button. xxx then a user can easily access the IP camera using the 192. If you’re in public, you’re on camera. Firstly, you need to place the PC/laptop with the webcam in front of the place that it has to surveil. Use a VPN When you need to remotely access your NVR or cameras, use a VPN (Virtual Private Network). Many hackers and intruders exploit The HDMI capture card is going to connect to your computer and allows you to run an HDMI input to OBS. Below is a screen shot of how it looks in our case. 109 address already and should move onto our other guides. May 24, 2024 · Adding the camera to your home’s Wi-Fi network. 3xLogic: Visix IP Setup Utility. Internet-enabled cameras are more affordable, more mobile, and packed with more useful features Contents. Type in the hostname, username and passwords of your IP cameras with DDNS. " Step 3: Wipe the CCTV camera lens with a piece of soft microfiber cloth to avoid scratches on the sensitive lens surface. Feb 16, 2024 · Choose the right IP cameras. Jun 18, 2019 · 3. Consider Wired. An IP security camera system, also called an Internet Protocol (IP) camera system, receives and sends video footage over an IP network, whether it be via WiFi or Ethernet. Find out how we test. Choose the Wi-Fi network and enter the password. Launch Reolink Client and go to Device Settings – Network Advance – DDNS. Go to the WiFi setting page > DHCP server page and find the IP camera address according to the camera MAC address. Change default user name and password and disable default account (if applicable) Disable uPnP, redundant since it should also be disabled on the router, but this prevents camera from attempting to use uPnP to open ports on your gateway/router. In the example above, line one shows an Dec 7, 2023 · Steps to Turn a Webcam into a Security Camera. Inexpensive: The cheapest wireless IP security cameras are indoor-only models that start at around $25 each, though they can reach $50. Some cloud IP camera software only support H. Many users prefer storing media files from IP cameras in the cloud. Begin by detaching the base of the Stick Up Cam using a screwdriver. #1. Check the HTTPS box and click “Save. All of our DVRs support IP cameras and PoE cameras that we offer. 4. To configure the camera, you will have to assign each camera with a specific IP camera address. The process of integration could entail setting up the video management system (VMS), connecting the cameras to a network video recorder (NVR), or integrating with analytics, alarm, or access Oct 30, 2023 · Drill spots for screws and wiring. Click on Save, and you are done with installation. Access the Network page on the CCTV camera’s software from your mobile phone or computer. 117. While choosing the right copper cable, the maximum power distance can reach 2. Find your camera’s IP address. Here we will apply Reolink Client as an example to instruct you how to set up IP cameras with DDNS service. Insert the positive wire from the video balun and screw it down. Feb 22, 2022 · Using IE11 navigate to the IP address of your NVR or DVR and log in as the "admin" user. Step 4: Utilize a small dash of security camera lens cleaner on your micro-fiber cloth, and then wipe the lens gently. Apr 1, 2022 · After the cameras are connected to the PoE device, they are connected to the router via LAN or WAN port. Mar 29, 2022 · Securing your IP camera is beneficial to avoid malicious or accidental misconfigurations. For this method you can use an IP or analog camera if it’s connected to a DVR with an HDMI output. These cameras may be called smart cameras, connected cameras, or IP cameras. Now the power supply units can move to the back-end or far away from your camera. The ESP32-CAM will connect to the network and display an IP address. g. Quick Pick: The Best IP Security Camera Systems. When you are logged in, you should be able to see the video of the camera by clicking on the Live tab. Discover the benefits of using wireless security cameras for peace of mind. Jul 20, 2021 · Step 1. Many Wireless CCTV systems work by connecting several cameras to one DVR unit, that records and stores images and video. 100 Oct 11, 2019 · In the simplest terms, a network security camera, sometimes referred to as IP cameras, works a lot like traditional security cameras. Position the bracket against the wall with the UP arrow pointing upwards, then secure it with the provided screws. Connect to various cameras using RJ45, Wi-Fi or BNC ports. org/Useful for fucking w Jul 21, 2020 · The most common and widely used scheme is a 192. The 256GB Kasa KC420WS Security Camera supports local and cloud storage. IP cameras are great for security surveillance and remote access, however, they also require some network configuration knowledge to set up properly and securely. ZOSI 8CH PoE Home Security Camera System. One cool feature in particular, the E23, uses end-to-end encryption to protect your Jul 24, 2023 · IP cameras work by converting the captured video and audio into digital data that can be transmitted over an IP network. Write down or note the IP address scheme - if it is 192. Sep 1, 2017 · To properly setup your security camera system for remote viewing, first we need to see if there are multiple routers on your network. Indoor premium pick 4. If you are looking for the ideal security system for enterprise video surveillance Dec 22, 2015 · Step 1: Connect the camera to your network. org/Virtual box: https://www. $89. $40 $45 Save $5. Bring up the Command Prompt window and type the command tracert 8. Oct 23, 2023 · This guide pertains to the Avalonix Premium Series wireless security cameras with WiFi capabilities, available exclusively at CCTV Camera World. First, connect the camera to your network. Update the camera by accessing the latest list in the Camera Wizard’s settings section. Feb 22, 2023 · Enabling ActiveX to view your IP Cameras and DVR over the web. Feb 28, 2024 · 1. Ring Spotlight Battery-powered Camera. Find the one that is compatible with your device. 6 days ago · Main stairs or hallway: Place a camera in any area where burglars would have to walk through to access most of your home. 5MP Super HD video quality. . 1. Jul 5, 2020 · Contents. x network. Jan 2, 2024 · Step 2: Select IP Camera Models. Testing out the camera’s motion or person detection. Encryption is a way Oct 1, 2021 · In a typical small security system, you may have a dozen or more IP cameras connected to Network Video Recorders (NVR). A solid firewall around your home network can provide a line of defense from attackers. 99. Power Options Battery or cable. Mar 28, 2022 · Accessing IP Camera Configuration Menus. Most fully wireless models run from $70 to $100 each. 1. With your needs in mind, the next step is selecting specific IP camera models. SecuriTEST IP is an installation and troubleshooting tester for digital/IP, HD coax and analog CCTV camera systems. Mounting or placing the camera where you want it and testing out the Wi-Fi connection. Configure port forwarding only when it is necessary. May 16, 2023 · Locate the small rubber insert next to the Audio/Alarm block and create a small hole for the wires. Turn off UPnP wherever you find it. Include the port number if necessary (e. Best Setting up an IP security camera system isn't as hard as it sounds. This is extremely important when a device is exposed to Internet. 243. The default password is written on a label on the top of the recorder. Find the address via online IP camera address finder tool. Step 2: Select the hamburger menu icon. IP Security Cameras. 3. Once this is done, proceed with configuring the cameras. The IP address can typically be found under the Network tab, providing straightforward Nov 24, 2022 · Resolution. Tips and Tweaks to Safeguard Wireless Webcams and IP Cameras. Despite the name, network video recorders do not require internet access and can be used Sep 21, 2016 · Networked, or IP, security cameras are readily available and, with each new generation of products, increasingly sophisticated. Unlike traditional analog CCTV cameras, which require a separate video recorder (DVR) to process and store footage, IP cameras have built-in processors and memory to capture and transmit video directly to a network storage device or a remote server. Create a rule with the condition to trigger the recording. Ensure that the all accounts are set with very strong passwords. Google Nest Cam Outdoor. 4. Conclusion. #2. Write down the IP address scheme, or save it in a Notepad file like suggested in the video. The main function of Ethernet cables is to connect one thing to a network of things, hence the label "network cable. jb za vf ro ha pk bo um gz zx