Shroff industries banana fibre

Shroff industries banana fibre. This is perfect for adding structure to a garment, as a stiff base for embroidery or even as super posh blinds and lampshades. In this paper, extracted banana fiber (EBF) and waste banana fiber (WBF) were characterized in Mar 15, 2019 · “The main selling point is that unlike cotton, banana fibre is a waste product,” says project leader Tina Moor. Inner-peel banana fiber. Seller Details. Today, his company – Shroff Industries – turns five tonnes of banana waste into eco-friendly items per month, earning a turnover of around Rs 30 lakh annually. Natural fibers have distinct properties like high strength, low weight, low cost processing and bio degradability than synthetic fibers such as glass fiber and carbon fiber. Table 2: Chemical composition of gray banana fiber Sr. 99 Banana Fiber/Epoxy 2318. Some of the annual natural fibers are banana, jute, coir, bamboo, hemp, etc. This type of banana fabric is very soft like silk. 2 grams Fiber: 2. Indian textile industry has grown at a much higher rate than global textile industry, reason for the same is growing domestic demand and increasing exports. Published 1 April 2015. INTRODUCTION Banana fiber is environmentally friendly like jute fiber. good Mar 9, 2019 · Enzymatic treatment with pectinase (5% concentration) was reported to improve the fineness of banana fibers for textile applications (Balakrishnan et al. There are total 261 trusted banana fibre yarn companies. No Paper Link Available. GOLD Member Jun-05-23 Usage of banana fiber made from Banana stem Sanitary pads are made fro banana fiber. Mar 29, 2023 · In addition to his impressive efforts in utilizing banana fiber to create sustainable products, Mehul’s commitment to sustainability extends to empowering rural women in Burhanpur. 7. So from the above comparison factors, it is clear that Bananas are healthier than oranges. The solution to Kushwaha’s problem appeared when management graduate Mehul Shroff started a banana fibre manufacturing unit in the district. Explore available options in nearby cities like Thane, Mumbai, Ahmednagar, and more. 26 *Data in the table represents averages with a sample size of at least 4 specimens per sample. Focusing on polyester staple fibers, our team’s goal in every project is to collaborate with our customers to create innovative, quality fiber, while meeting the pricing, sustainability needs, and fulfillment requirements to produce Bananatex® is the world’s first durable, technical fabric made purely from the naturally grown Abacá banana plants. CEO @Shroff Industries and 1 more. 100 to 200 kg of fiber per acre. Scanning micrograph and chemical composition of banana stem indicate that banana fibers are flat, flexible, long (2. Banana Fibers: Nature’s Eco-Friendly Fabric. Ankita Shroff and et all. 99 million tons all over the world. Banana fiber can be used to stabilize soil in agriculture and construction projects. Banana fibre, which is said to be nearly carbon neutral, is also often compared Jan 11, 2023 · Banana fiber is a lingo-cellulosic fiber, which obtained fr om. 75%), 5N HCl (8. Shroff’s path-breaking success story started in 1990 in Coimbatore, a city dubbed as the “Manchester of South India” and a bustling industrial hub of TamilNadu, with efficient infrastructure and engineering excellence. The fibre’s softness, elasticity, and moisture absorption properties make it ideal for use in clothing and bedding products. Jain et al. Its natural strength and water-management properties help prevent erosion and improve water retention in soil, creating a more stable and fertile environment for plant growth. 5 2 Hemicellulose 15 3 Lignin 5. The yield may vary from 0. Nov 13, 2019 · There are only two main types of banana fiber, but there are four terms you should be familiar with: 1. Musa Agro Industries Private Limited. The fibers are extracted from the pseudostem of the banana plant, which is the main stalk that produces the fruit. Among twenty-five members 15 Jan 13, 2024 · January 13, 2024 by Rohan. 5 Banana fiber behaves A. Our proprietary material, Ban-o-Fi (Banana Fibre Leather), has a significantly lower environmental impact than both animal and plastic leather. 4%), Bacillus licheniformis (12. The banana fiber is considered as a hard fiber in the plant fiber classification (Kumar et al. Banana stem was cooked by Kraft Apr 23, 2024 · 4. The fibre consists of thick-walled cell tissue, bonded together by natural gums and is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. "I started well. Feb 26, 2020 · She added that 10 of the 29 varieties of banana in the country were chosen for use following successful feasibility studies. 5 5 Fats and waxes 1. Machine Hub Nepal proudly presents its Banana Fiber Extraction Machine, a groundbreaking innovation in sustainable textile production. with relatively good mechanical properties. Jan 2, 2023 · Mehul Shroff, an MBA graduate, converts banana stems and garbage into natural fibres for use in eco-friendly handicrafts, earning lakhs each month and helping other farmers in saving money. The outcome of his research told him that banana stem can be used in manufacturing cloth and paper products. Marketing Product. Save to Library. 5%)contents. 57 mg g −1 of Reactive Red 195 dye at pH 2 in 60 min. Keywords pseudostems, natural fiber, banana fiber, fiber fineness Presently, with the increasing demand for sustainable fiber as raw material for textiles, industries are looking at natural fibers. Key Benefits: Jul 26, 2023 · For every tonne of fruit, a banana plantation produces around two tonnes of debris. Despite the challenges brought about by the pandemic in 2020, Mehul remained steadfast in his mission to promote sustainability. It is relatively expensive to produce, and it is reasonably delicate. Shroff Industries turns banana waste into eco-friendly handicrafts. Fiber cells are dead at maturity and serve as a support tissue. 10%. 93 cN/dtex and average length is 50 ~ 60 mm (or 38mm). Dec 30, 2023 · Among these, banana fibre is of major interest as banana is one of the most consumed fruit worldwide with annual production of 115. He now sells three to five tonnes of banana fibre per month, with an annual revenue of around Rs 30 lakh. Shah. Through his company, Shroff Industries, he has trained 40 women to create eco-friendly handicrafts using banana fiber, such as wall clocks, yoga mats, worship mats Nestled in the heart of Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh, lies Mangalam-Kalpataru Industries LLP, a pioneering force in sustainable resource utilization. May 2, 2023 · That's exactly what Mehul Shroff, an MBA graduate from Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh, has done. Overview. These include: 78 - Manufacturers, 52 - Exporters, 26 - Wholesalers, 65 - Suppliers, 16 - Retailers, 8 - Buying Houses, 10 - Traders, 3 - Services, 3 - Others, There are 378 banana fibre yarn importers and buyers on ExportHub. , 2015). Hayael Aerospace India Private Limited. 98%) was higher in fibres treated with 5N NaOH (10. Jun 15, 2021 · Ankita Shroff Prof. The farmers here usually clear the stems and leaves of the banana trees from their fields before planting new crops, for which they hire extra labour. 4g of dietary fiber whereas banana has 2. Paper Formation and Drying: Once pulped, the banana fiber is mixed with water to form a slurry, which is then poured onto a mesh screen or mold. They tend to have a natural shine to them as well and are often compared to silk. Mehul Shroff and District Administra Feb 17, 2021 · Banana fibre obtained from the pseudo-stem of plant has appearance similar to that of ramie and bamboo fibres. Fiber extra cted from. Materials Science, Agricultural and Food Sciences. 0-12. May 1, 2015 · To select the best soft nature of banana fibre by touch and feel method both treated and untreated banana fibre was given to 25 members (Ankita Shroff et al. Mehul Shroff. It absorbs and releases moisture easily. Take advantage of exclusive deals on Today engineering industries are seeking to produce eco-friendly materials. However, the best quality fiber could be obtained from Red banana, Nendran, Pachanadan, Cavendish group (Robusta, Grand Naine and Basrai). Aug 28, 2017 · Banana fibre, also known as musa fibre is one of the world’s strongest natural fibres. Aug 28, 2017 · Fabrics made from banana fibres are soft and supple, as well as breathable and a natural sorbent. Fiber Industries continues the long American tradition of textile manufacturing in South Carolina. . Cultivated in the Philippine highlands within a natural ecosystem of sustainable mixed agriculture and forestry, the plant is self-sufficient, requires no pesticides, fertilizer or extra water. 5 to 1. Mehul Shroff, who comes from a prominent business family, has always had a passion for the environment and wanted to create biodegradable items to help conserve the environment, and after earning his MBA, he had a strong Jul 3, 2015 · Banana fibers can be processable in long staple jute processing system on their blending with ramie fiber having banana fiber content about 50% to produce fine blend yarn (213 tex) of tenacity 15. Banana fiber is a bast fiber. Tomorrowland Banana Pants. 7 million tonnes in the year 2018 and is grown in 130 countries Feb 17, 2021 · Pseudo-stem is the major portion of banana waste biomass and yields good quality fibre that has the potential for industrial applications in the making of sanitary pads, textiles, pulp and paper, food and reinforced composite materials for automobiles, construction material, aerospace and other composite materials. Banana Fiber handicraft is promoted by Mr. Green Whisper Designs, develops and sells sustainable products from agriculture residue Pad Heaven Conversion of banana stems into low cost, eco friendly sanitary pads SootheEarth LLP Helping people Say NO to Deforestation with Banana Paper as alternative. The startup makes banana fibre out of the stems, which is later turned into baskets, planters Experience: MangalamKalpataru Industries · Education: indira college · Location: Burhanpur · 500+ connections on LinkedIn. Since 2005, Schroff Technologies International, Inc. (2015) determined that treatment of banana fiber with cellulase enzyme at a concentration of 12% for 14 h resulted in the highest weight reduction of 6. Banana fiber is composed of cellulose 53. 5% i. It can be used to make eco-friendly sanitary pads that only take 200 days to decompose. of fiber Mehul Shroff was born and raised in the Madhya Pradesh area of Burhanpur, which is also noted for its exquisite banana crop. Biodegradable, the natural fibre is made from the stem of the banana tree and is incredibly durable. Increasing demand of blended cotton, share of blended cotton was 19. Once the fruit has been harvested, the pseudostem is cut down to allow new shoots to grow. In Nepal, women traditionally hand weave banana silk into rugs, making them high-end artistry. A large amount of banana waste is […] Jan 22, 2021 · The banana fiber possess high strength and stiffness that makes it as a suitable reinforcement in both thermoplastic and thermoset matrices. part of the banana leaf. Mar 1, 2024 · Banana, sisal, jute, flax, kenaf, and hemp are the most common natural fibers used for lightweight composite production in industries. Natural fibers have distinct properties like high strength, low weight, low cost processing and bio degradability than synthetic fibers such as glass fiber and carbon fiber. Sonde road, Misindye, Sonde, Mukono District, P. More than 60% of the fibres in the fashion industry are oil-based. 6. (a) course fibre (outermost 2–3 sheaths) that breaks easily so these sheaths are rejected, (b) soft lustrous fibre (middle sheaths) and (c) very soft fibre (some Feb 5, 2023 · Here are some of the most common uses of banana fibres: 1. View Mehul Shroff’s profile on LinkedIn, a professional community of 1 billion members. Per 100 gm of orange, you will get about 2. Firstly, banana fiber stands out as a Apr 11, 2024 · Shroff et al. , 2019). Similar companies Bio Bags Plus We produce eco-friendly and biodegradable products based on banana fibre. Another interesting factor that makes the banana fiber as a suitable reinforcement replacing the existing ones is its composition which has a high cellulose content of 63–64% and lignin content of 5% Banana Fibre Yarn Stats. “There are a few small scale industries that make fibre out of banana and make handicrafts, particularly in Jaffna and Embilipitiya,” noted Peries. Sep 20, 2014 · The length of ultimate banana fiber ranges from 0. Cotton Stripes Banana Fiber Fabric. This though is not a new area of research. 54% Jan 1, 2013 · This study deals with the determination of chemical composition, fiber morphology, and the pulping potentialities of banana pseudo-stems growing in Thailand. Welcome to Shroff Textile Exports. Banana pseudostem has potential Revolutionizing Textiles: Shroff Technology's Leap Towards Sustainability I recently interviewed Mehul Shroff Director of Shroff Industries, to gain valuable… Dec 4, 2021 · air dry and the dry weight was measured. 45 4 Pectin 0. “The objective of our project is to make prototype textiles to show companies . The process of extracting banana fiber involves minimal chemical use and water consumption, reducing environmental From all the commercial varieties of banana, the fiber could be extracted. 99 ± 6. This region is renowned for its expansive 20,000 hectares of flourishing banana cultivations. Pseudo-stem is formed of about 14 to 18 sheaths and produces fibres of different quality depending upon position, viz. This fiber has tenacity 29. Feb 18, 2021 · Banana fiber, a ligno-cellulosic fiber, obtained from the pseudo-stem of banana plant (Musa sepientum), is a bast fiber with relatively good mechanical properties. In book: Sustainable Approaches in Textiles and Fashion (pp. 98 g/denier and moisture regain 13%. Manufactured in Nepal, this state-of-the-art machine is designed to extract high-quality fibers from banana plants, offering a myriad of benefits for both the environment and the textile industry. In the present day, his firm – Shroff Industries – turns 5 tonnes of banana waste into eco-friendly gadgets per 30 days, incomes a turnover of round Rs 30 […] Oct 13, 2016 · Betel-nut leaf plate fiber (BLPF) is a lingo-cellulosic natural fiber that can be used to make eco-friendly and biodegradable blended or hybrid fabric with Banana fiber. In 2023, ranked #1 in Banana production. For example, Japanese banana silk rugs date all the way back to the 13th century. They offer energy efficient cooling/temperature control and filtration systems for telecom shelters, outdoor enclosures and battery/power rooms. Extracting Fibres From Banana Stems - The Products That Result: Mar 29, 2023 · Through his company, Shroff Industries, he has trained 40 women to create eco-friendly handicrafts using banana fiber, such as wall clocks, yoga mats, worship mats, ropes, bags, planters, baskets, and other items. the pseudo-stem of ba nana plant. No Content Banana fiber (%) 1 Cellulose 69. Banana fiber is used to make clothes, tissue, and paper. They were then Feb 4, 2023 · MBA graduate Mehul Shroff from Madhya Pradesh has found a way to build a viable business out of turning waste from banana farms into useful items. Additionally, their investigation indicated that cellulase enzyme induced the most significant weight loss in banana fiber, followed by pectinase and xylanase. At this time, he sells round three to 5 tonnes of banana fibre each month, incomes a turnover of round Rs 30 lakh yearly. str. Ankit Shroff, Anjali Karolia, J. Facebook gives people the power to share and makes the world more open and connected. Its average fineness is 2386 Nm, average strength is 3. ; Zingiberales), an economically important tropical group of plants, includes three genera, Musa, Ensete and Musella, and possibly 41 species. But for the last two years, my situation has been very bad. Contact Supplier. 52%, hemi-cellulose 13. The design shall be compact and pocket friendly. Bananas are a Banana silk is not a new textile; it was actually traditionally used to make rugs. But if you organise artisans into production units, develop products suited to markets all over the world and create demand by collaborating with global brands like ours, you have a thriving sustainable business. 2. Apr 18, 2023 · In a world where environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly critical, innovative solutions to reduce waste are gaining more… Apr 25, 2023 · Compared to traditional leather, banana-based leather claims to have a significantly lower environmental impact, with 90 per cent fewer carbon emissions and 90 per cent less water required in the production process. Generally, banana pseudostem will be thrown as waste biomass after each harvest as it is unstable for the upcoming harvest. Jul 15, 2020 · Banana fiber is a natural bast fiber which has wide range of uses in handicraft product developments such as mat, rope and twines, but only 10% of its pseudo stem is being used for making products Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills Textile Mills Manufacturing Printer Friendly View Address: 202, New Cloth Market Outside Of Raipur Darvaja Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380002 India Mar 9, 2019 · From the mechanically extracted banana fiber of these 10 varieties, Ambun (genome AAA) was selected for further analysis because it had the lowest fiber fineness. compact fiber extracting machine that can extract both banana fiber as well as coir fiber . 64% and pectin 3. I. Banana fibers contain a huge amount of cellulose because which easily absorbs liquid and water. The annual acreage of banana in Bangladesh is 133305 acres (53,970 ha). The banana fibers possess high tensile, less elongation, low density, and high moisture content. Oct 7, 2023 · Idea 5: Banana Fiber Soil Stabilization. 6g. Extra than simply waste Bio–softening of Banana Fiber for Nonwoven Application. In addition, the company doesn’t emit toxic wastewater from manufacturing. e. 43% of the total fabric produced in 2022. Prices in Pune range from 120 to 15,000. I am passionate about my work & i like discovering new ideas of utilizing the banana stems products for creating new market. Wondering why banana fiber is hailed as the eco-friendly fabric of the future? Its sustainable production, biodegradability, and versatility make it a top contender in the fashion and textile industry. His products include baskets, planters, bags, yoga mats, brooms, wall clocks and more. Plant fibers are sclerenchymatous cells with heavily lignified cell walls having a narrow lumen in cross section. Mehul Shroff is on Facebook. 55 ± 129. Feb 21, 2023 · The nutrition facts for 1 medium-sized banana (100 grams) are ():Calories: 89 Water: 75% Protein: 1. Banana fiber has. 3 grams Carbs. Anjali KaroliaDr. International journal of scientific research. Banana fibers are a sustainable, eco-friendly material used to create fabric and textiles. In addition, banana fibre is now seen as a sustainable alternative to cotton and silk. It was able to remove Mar 1, 2009 · The banana family (Musaceae s. Banana is selected as One District One Product for Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh. This study deals with optimizing pulping conditions of the banana stem to substitute softwood pulp in writing and printing paper. The company also retrofits existing communications equipment infrastructure for capacity upgrades and thermal efficiencies resulting May 12, 2022 · Popularization of Agrowaste Fibres—Banana and Areca Nut Fibre—A Sustainable Approach. 90%, lignin 18. About Us. Dec 6, 2023 · When comparing banana fiber with other natural textiles like hemp, cotton, and jute, several distinctive characteristics set it apart as an ethical fabric. , among these fiber banana fibers have high strength and plenty in availability. 2 meters) surrounding with 8-12 large leaves. Jayendra Shah, p>Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite polymers primarily recycled. “From childhood, […] Began in 2018, Mehul’s sustainable startup makes banana fibre out of stems, which will be became helpful merchandise like handicrafts, textiles and paper. Shroff Industries - Supplier of Banana Fiber & Urea from Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. I am one of the early adopters of banana fibre in Bangladesh. 48 40. It can be spun by different methods like ring spinning, open-end spinning, best fibre spinning, and semi-worsted spinning. SHROFF INDUSTRIES KHASRA NO. Join Facebook to connect with Mehul Shroff and others you may know. True sustainability is extremely challenging and is the mission that we are deeply dedicated to. Our journey began with the manufacture and supply of the best cotton Feb 6, 2023 · MBA graduate Mehul Shroff from Madhya Pradesh has discovered a option to construct a viable enterprise out of turning waste from banana farms into helpful gadgets. ,among these fiber banana fibers have high strength and plenty in Jun 1, 2022 · Banana, a lignocellulosic feedstock, cultivation is happening in 120 countries with annual production of 99. Four layers from the pseudostem of Ambun were extracted and put through a fineness and single fiber strength test. Banana plant is a large perennial herb with leaf sheaths that form pseudo stem. The yield of the fibers was influenced by the. 12,000 to clear the agri-waste. Rating. Textile Industry: Banana fibres are commonly used in the textile industry to produce clothing, accessories, and home textiles. ₹ 165 / Kg. DOI: 10. 1 mentioned famous designers and renowned fashion brands are moving to sustainable products by using eco-friendly fibers in the Jun 3, 2019 · Structured banana pineapple silk, is a 25% banana, 25% pineapple and 50% raw silk fabric that is soft yet structured, with a wonderfully characterful grain caused by the unique fibre blend. 30 cm and that of diameter 14 -50 microns . 1007/978-981-19-0878-1_4. 0 INR for various types, including Fibres , Recycled Raw Banana Fibre, and more. 73%), Bacillus aryabhattai (11. The modified banana fibre adsorbs 23. Jul 21, 2021 · In one cycle, he grows over 5,000 banana plants and claims to spend over Rs. 414/2, GRAM- JAINABAD, BURHANPUR, MADHYA PRADESH, 450331. ₹ 700 / Piece. We continue to innovate and reduce our dependence on polymers. The proportion of lignin in untreated Banana fibres (15. May 27, 2018 · Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite material. Feb 5, 2023 · Mehul’s sustainable startup, founded in 2018, creates banana fibre from stems, which can then be turned into useful products such as handicrafts, textiles, and paper. 24 mm) and the raw banana is characterized with high cellulose (65%) and low lignin (13. Brown Raw Banana Fiber, For Handicraft. Mar 27, 2018 · Banana fiber, a lignocellulosic fiber, obtained from the pseudo-stem of banana plant (Musa sepientum), is a bast fiber with relatively good mechanical properties. Its height can be 10-40 feet (3. Another study reports that Banana Fiber/Polyester 2419. Shruti Kandwal Updated 2 January, 2023 10:24 PM IST. Aug 9, 2019 · It’s not easy making a living out of weaving banana plant fibre into baskets. He has started a sustainable startup that makes natural fibres from banana stems and waste, and uses them to create various kinds of eco-friendly handicrafts. 81 Discover a wide range of banana fibre from top manufacturers, dealers, and distributors across Pune. Through a series of pressing and drying processes, the water is drained, and the fibers begin to bond, forming a cohesive sheet of paper. 25-1. 1 grams Carbs: 22. These qualities have allowed it Mar 20, 2024 · But bananas have slightly more dietary fiber compared to the orange. With an unwavering commitment to harnessing untapped potential, we have established a cutting-edge Buyer: Banana pseudostem Supplier: Banana fibre SAP, compost Established: 2018 More Items Similiar to: Shroff Industries. Outer-peel banana fiber. 96 34. Cite. So, following extensive research and development, the CTRI Banana Fibre Extractor machine was created and developed for mechanically extracting banana fibre from Nov 26, 2022 · A major banana-growing district, Burhanpur in Madhya Pradesh has over 16,000 hectares of land dedicated solely to the cultivation of the fruit. Index Terms - Component, formatting, style, styling, insert. In the fiber extraction process, a substantial amount of lignocellulosic wastes are generated, disposal of which creates problem in the adjacent area. 3mm Brown Raw Banana Fiber, For Spinning. O Box 10 Kyambogo, Kampala, Uganda Office: +256 393194582 Mobile: +256 772692444 WhatsApp: +256 771680680 Banana fiber, derived from the pseudostems of banana plants, is a versatile and sustainable natural resource gaining global attention. Create Alert. 6 grams Fat: 0. Connect. The single machine shall be designed to extract multi fibers . Here’s how H&M Group is supporting Bangalore Jul 22, 2021 · Biodegradability, waste management and water conservation are its key benefits,” said Shroff, owner of Shroff Industries. There were some customers who made handicrafts on a test basis. Banana fiber generally utilized in making crafted Ms. This made Mehul lay foundations to Shroff Industries that manufactures recyclable and bio-degradable products from the discarded banana stems. Sep 1, 2022 · The major purpose of this study was to see if banana stem fibre might be used in the textile and fibre industries as a source of lignocellulosic fibres. 5 has studied that India is the found that today engineering industries are seeking to Mar 8, 2013 · The Man-Made Textile Research Association ( MANTRA) has successfully prepared fabrics using banana fibre on powerloom and processed them into dyed, printed and finished products. 15 ± 335. has served the high growth wireless, telecom and cable markets. Banana Fibre Extraction by Mechanical Means: Manual (or semi-mechanical) banana fibre extraction was arduous, time-consuming, and damaging to the fibre. That means you are sensing up to 10% more fiber in a banana than orange. Some university students took fibre for research. mid ribs showed a significantly high amount. May 2022. 4%. Banana silk can also be woven into clothes, ropes, mats, handbags, and paper. SHROFF INDUSTRIES is a Indian Importer / Buyer of Combing machines: and deals in majorly hs code 844512, 84451300, 84451940, 84451960, 84452011 Major trading partners of SHROFF INDUSTRIES are HONG KONG. 8 grams Sugar: 12. 5. 16 ± 1. Banana pseudostem waste after each harvest contributes about 120–165 tons/ha annually. Renowned for its eco-friendly attributes, banana fiber production involves extracting strands from the outer layers of banana trees without harming the plant's core, making it a renewable alternative to Mar 1, 2024 · The raw banana fibre (RBF), modified banana fibre (MBF) and banana fibre remaining after dye adsorption (BFADA) were all characterised to determine their morphology, structural functionality, tensile strength, and microbial load. tk rh aw jq sj ns jb rr xd ms